Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Kim CY[original query] |
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Characteristics of patients associated with any outpatient antibiotic prescribing among Medicare Part D enrollees, 2007-2018
Kim CY , Gouin KA , Hicks LA , Kabbani S . Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol 2023 3 (1) e113 The 2007-2018 National Health Interview Survey data linked with Medicare claims were used to examine older adults' characteristics and assess their associations with receiving an antibiotic prescription. This analysis shows variation in antibiotic prescribing among adults enrolled in Medicare Part D by race and ethnicity, sex, geography, and health status. © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, 2023. |
Neurological diagnoses in hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the B.1.1.529 surge
Kim CY , Sardar Z , Ayele BA , Fleck-Derderian S , Barrett CE , Sun Y , Clague M , Hurst HA , Boruah A , Zucker J , Maddox R , Sejvar J , Thakur KT . Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023 10 (8) 1433-1441 OBJECTIVE: Emerging variants and sublineages of SARS-CoV-2 have differing disease severity, transmissibility, and immune evasion. The neurological conditions associated with the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 are well established. Our study assessed the neurological presentations specific to hospitalized patients during the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant surge in New York City. METHODS: A total of 178 cases with positive RT-PCR result within 6 weeks before admission, and subsequent development of select neurological conditions during the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) surge between December 1, 2021 and February 28, 2022, were included from 12,800 SARS-CoV-2-positive hospital admissions. Clinical data from acute hospitalizations were compared to findings of inpatient neurological cases with COVID-19 infections from the initial surge in NYC in the same hospital system. RESULTS: Compared to SARS-CoV-2 infections of the original strain, COVID-19 cases hospitalized during the Omicron surge (B.1.1.529) were associated with incidental and/or asymptomatic COVID-19 cases (96, 53.9%) and an increased incidence of pre-existing neurological and immunocompromising conditions. Encephalopathy, seizures, and stroke remained the most prevalent neurological conditions identified in hospitalized COVID-19 cases during the study period, reflecting a similar distribution of neurological presentations associated with the original strain. INTERPRETATION: In our cohort of 178 admitted SARS-CoV-2-positive patients with select neurological conditions during the Omicron B.1.1.529 surge, 54% of COVID-19 cases were considered incidental and/or asymptomatic, and the identified neurological conditions resembled those associated with the original SARS-CoV-2 strain. Further studies characterizing neurological presentation in Omicron sublineages and other variants are warranted in an ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. |
Risk Factors for New Neurologic Diagnoses in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Case-Control Study in New York City.
Thakur KT , Chu VT , Hughes C , Kim CY , Fleck-Derderian S , Barrett CE , Matthews E , Balbi A , Bilski A , Chomba M , Lieberman O , Jacobson SD , Agarwal S , Roh D , Park S , Ssonko V , Silver WG , Vargas WD , Geneslaw A , Bell M , Waters B , Rao A , Claassen J , Boehme A , Willey JZ , Elkind MSV , Sobieszczyk ME , Zucker J , McCollum A , Sejvar J . Neurol Clin Pract 2022 12 (4) E66-E74 Background and ObjectivesThere have been numerous reports of neurologic manifestations identified in hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Here, we identify the spectrum of associated neurologic symptoms and diagnoses, define the time course of their development, and examine readmission rates and mortality risk posthospitalization in a multiethnic urban cohort.MethodsWe identify the occurrence of new neurologic diagnoses among patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in New York City. A retrospective cohort study was performed on 532 cases (hospitalized patients with new neurologic diagnoses within 6 weeks of positive SARS-CoV-2 laboratory results between March 1, 2020, and August 31, 2020). We compare demographic and clinical features of the 532 cases with 532 controls (hospitalized COVID-19 patients without neurologic diagnoses) in a case-control study with one-to-one matching and examine hospital-related data and outcomes of death and readmission up to 6 months after acute hospitalization in a secondary case-only analysis.ResultsAmong the 532 cases, the most common new neurologic diagnoses included encephalopathy (478, 89.8%), stroke (66, 12.4%), and seizures (38, 7.1%). In the case-control study, cases were more likely than controls to be male (58.6% vs 52.8%, p = 0.05), had baseline neurologic comorbidities (36.3% vs 13.0%, p < 0.0001), and were to be treated in an intensive care unit (62.0% vs 9.6%, p < 0.0001). Of the 394 (74.1%) cases who survived acute hospitalization, more than half (220 of 394, 55.8%) were readmitted within 6 months, with a mortality rate of 23.2% during readmission.DiscussionHospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 and new neurologic diagnoses have significant morbidity and mortality postdischarge. Further research is needed to define the effect of neurologic diagnoses during acute hospitalization on longitudinal post-COVID-19-related symptoms including neurocognitive impairment. © American Academy of Neurology. |
Prognostic indicators and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients with neurological disease: An individual patient data meta-analysis.
Singh B , Lant S , Cividini S , Cattrall JWS , Goodwin LC , Benjamin L , Michael BD , Khawaja A , Matos AMB , Alkeridy W , Pilotto A , Lahiri D , Rawlinson R , Mhlanga S , Lopez EC , Sargent BF , Somasundaran A , Tamborska A , Webb G , Younas K , Al Sami Y , Babu H , Banks T , Cavallieri F , Cohen M , Davies E , Dhar S , Fajardo Modol A , Farooq H , Harte J , Hey S , Joseph A , Karthikappallil D , Kassahun D , Lipunga G , Mason R , Minton T , Mond G , Poxon J , Rabas S , Soothill G , Zedde M , Yenkoyan K , Brew B , Contini E , Cysique L , Zhang X , Maggi P , van Pesch V , Lechien J , Saussez S , Heyse A , Brito Ferreira ML , Soares CN , Elicer I , Eugenín-von Bernhardi L , Ñancupil Reyes W , Yin R , Azab MA , Abd-Allah F , Elkady A , Escalard S , Corvol JC , Delorme C , Tattevin P , Bigaut K , Lorenz N , Hornuss D , Hosp J , Rieg S , Wagner D , Knier B , Lingor P , Winkler AS , Sharifi-Razavi A , Moein ST , SeyedAlinaghi S , JamaliMoghadamSiahkali S , Morassi M , Padovani A , Giunta M , Libri I , Beretta S , Ravaglia S , Foschi M , Calabresi P , Primiano G , Servidei S , Biagio Mercuri N , Liguori C , Pierantozzi M , Sarmati L , Boso F , Garazzino S , Mariotto S , Patrick KN , Costache O , Pincherle A , Klok FA , Meza R , Cabreira V , Valdoleiros SR , Oliveira V , Kaimovsky I , Guekht A , Koh J , Fernández Díaz E , Barrios-López JM , Guijarro-Castro C , Beltrán-Corbellini Á , Martínez-Poles J , Diezma-Martín AM , Morales-Casado MI , García García S , Breville G , Coen M , Uginet M , Bernard-Valnet R , Du Pasquier R , Kaya Y , Abdelnour LH , Rice C , Morrison H , Defres S , Huda S , Enright N , Hassell J , D'Anna L , Benger M , Sztriha L , Raith E , Chinthapalli K , Nortley R , Paterson R , Chandratheva A , Werring DJ , Dervisevic S , Harkness K , Pinto A , Jillella D , Beach S , Gunasekaran K , Rocha Ferreira Da Silva I , Nalleballe K , Santoro J , Scullen T , Kahn L , Kim CY , Thakur KT , Jain R , Umapathi T , Nicholson TR , Sejvar JJ , Hodel EM , Tudur Smith C , Solomon T . PLoS One 2022 17 (6) e0263595 BACKGROUND: Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 patients; characterise clinical outcomes; and investigate factors associated with a poor outcome. METHODS: We conducted an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of hospitalised patients with neurological COVID-19 disease, using standard case definitions. We invited authors of studies from the first pandemic wave, plus clinicians in the Global COVID-Neuro Network with unpublished data, to contribute. We analysed features associated with poor outcome (moderate to severe disability or death, 3 to 6 on the modified Rankin Scale) using multivariable models. RESULTS: We included 83 studies (31 unpublished) providing IPD for 1979 patients with COVID-19 and acute new-onset neurological disease. Encephalopathy (978 [49%] patients) and cerebrovascular events (506 [26%]) were the most common diagnoses. Respiratory and systemic symptoms preceded neurological features in 93% of patients; one third developed neurological disease after hospital admission. A poor outcome was more common in patients with cerebrovascular events (76% [95% CI 67-82]), than encephalopathy (54% [42-65]). Intensive care use was high (38% [35-41]) overall, and also greater in the cerebrovascular patients. In the cerebrovascular, but not encephalopathic patients, risk factors for poor outcome included breathlessness on admission and elevated D-dimer. Overall, 30-day mortality was 30% [27-32]. The hazard of death was comparatively lower for patients in the WHO European region. INTERPRETATION: Neurological COVID-19 disease poses a considerable burden in terms of disease outcomes and use of hospital resources from prolonged intensive care and inpatient admission; preliminary data suggest these may differ according to WHO regions and country income levels. The different risk factors for encephalopathy and stroke suggest different disease mechanisms which may be amenable to intervention, especially in those who develop neurological symptoms after hospital admission. |
Bacteriophage K antimicrobial-lock technique for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus central venous catheter-related infection: a leporine model efficacy analysis
Lungren MP , Donlan RM , Kankotia R , Paxton BE , Falk I , Christensen D , Kim CY . J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014 25 (10) 1627-32 PURPOSE: To determine whether a bacteriophage antimicrobial-lock technique can reduce bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on indwelling central venous catheters in a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cuffed central venous catheters were inserted into the jugular vein of female New Zealand White rabbits under image guidance. Catheters were inoculated for 24 hours with broth culture of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The inoculum was aspirated, and rabbits were randomly assigned to two equal groups for 24 hours: (i) untreated controls (heparinized saline lock), (ii) bacteriophage antimicrobial-lock (staphylococcal bacteriophage K, propagated titer > 108/mL). Blood cultures were obtained via peripheral veins, and the catheters were removed for quantitative culture and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Mean colony-forming units (CFU) per cm2 of the distal catheter segment, as a measure of biofilm, were significantly decreased in experimental animals compared with controls (control, 1.2 x 105 CFU/cm2; experimental, 7.6 x 103; P = .016). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that biofilms were present on the surface of five of five control catheters but only one of five treated catheters (P = .048). Blood culture results were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: In a rabbit model, treatment of infected central venous catheters with a bacteriophage antimicrobial-lock technique significantly reduced bacterial colonization and biofilm presence. Our data represent a preliminary step toward use of bacteriophage therapy for prevention and treatment of central venous catheter-associated infection. |
Secondary household transmission of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus among an urban and rural population in Kenya, 2009-2010
Kim CY , Breiman RF , Cosmas L , Audi A , Aura B , Bigogo G , Njuguna H , Lebo E , Waiboci L , Njenga MK , Feikin DR , Katz MA . PLoS One 2012 7 (6) e38166 BACKGROUND: In Kenya, >1,200 laboratory-confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) cases occurred since June 2009. We used population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS) data to assess household transmission of pH1N1 in urban Nairobi (Kibera) and rural Lwak. METHODS: We defined a pH1N1 patient as laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection among PBIDS participants during August 1, 2009-February 5, 2010, in Kibera, or August 1, 2009-January 20, 2010, in Lwak, and a case household as a household with a laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patient. Community interviewers visited PBIDS-participating households to inquire about illnesses among household members. We randomly selected 4 comparison households per case household matched by number of children aged <5. Comparison households had a household visit 10 days before or after the matched patient symptom onset date. We defined influenza-like illnesses (ILI) as self-reported cough or sore throat, and a self-reported fever ≤8 days after the pH1N1 patient's symptom onset in case households and ≤8 days before selected household visit in comparison households. We used the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to compare proportions of ILIs among case and comparison households, and log binomial-model to compare that of Kibera and Lwak. RESULTS: Among household contacts of patients with confirmed pH1N1 in Kibera, 4.6% had ILI compared with 8.2% in Lwak (risk ratio [RR], 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-0.9). Household contacts of patients were more likely to have ILIs than comparison-household members in both Kibera (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.8) and Lwak (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6-4.3). Overall, ILI was not associated with patient age. However, ILI rates among household contacts were higher among children aged <5 years than persons aged ≥5 years in Lwak, but not Kibera. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial pH1N1 household transmission occurred in urban and rural Kenya. Household transmission rates were higher in the rural area. |
Streptococcus salivarius meningitis case strain traced to oral flora of anesthesiologist
Shewmaker PL , Gertz Jr RE , Kim CY , de Fijter S , Diorio M , Moore MR , Beall BW . J Clin Microbiol 2010 48 (7) 2589-91 Two women in labor received intrapartum spinal anesthesia from the same anesthesiologist approximately one hour apart. Within 15 hours both patients developed Streptococcus salivarius meningitis and one patient died. Blood and CSF from both patients and tongue swab specimens from the anesthesiologist yielded isolates of an indistinguishable S. salivarius strain. |
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